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Image credits
Bibliography
Figure 1: Nolli Plan of Rome, 1748, Giambattista Nolli, 1748, architect and engraver, engraving on copper; 12 plates or sectors, original copper plates (12 in number) stored in the Palazzo della Calcografia, National Institute for Graphic Design, Rome, reproduction, MAXXI, Public domain
Figure 2: Roma Interrotta, 1978, Sponsor: Incontri Internazionali d'Arte; invited participants: Sartogo, Dardi, Grumbach, Stirling, Portoghesi, Giurgola, Venturi, Rowe (w/ DiMaio, Littenberg, Peterson, Carl), Graves, L. Krier, Rossi, R. Krier, MAXXI, Rome, Museo Nazionale delle Arti del XXI Secolo, exhibited, Trajan's Market, Rome, 1978
Figure 3: Nolli Plan of Rome, 1748, Giambattista Nolli, 1748
Figure 4: Roma Interrotta, 1978, based on Colin Rowe's History for Sector 8, ROME: The Lost and Unknown City (Roma Ignota e Perduta), Colin Rowe, Judith DiMaio, Barbara Littenberg, Steven Peterson, Peter Carl, 1978-1978, ink on mylar, sector 8, MAXXI, Rome, Museo Nazionale delle Arti del XXI Secolo, exhibited, Trajan's Market, Rome, 1978
Figure 5: Villa Madama, Rome, Robert Hubert, ca.1760, wash drawing, State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Public domain
Figure 6: The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries, Jacques-Louis David, oil on canvas, 1812, National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, Public domain
Figure 7: Portrait du Pape Pie VII, Jacques-Louis David, oil on panel, 1805, Musée du Louvre, Paris, Public domain
Figure 8: La Girandola di Castel Sant'Angelo, Franz Theodor Aerni, painting, ca. 1874, Museo di Roma, Trastevere, Rome, Public domain
Figure 9: The Grand Carousel in Honor of Christina of Sweden, Filippo Gagliardi and Filippo Lauri, oil on canvas, Museo di Roma, Palazzo Braschi, Rome, Public domain
Figure 10: Grand Cascade, Peterhof Palace and Gardens, Detail of the Samson and the Lion Fountain, B. C. Rastrelli, F. Vassu and K. Osner, 1715-1724, Peterhof Palace, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Photo: Nsushkin
Figure 11: Charles Towneley in His Sculpture Gallery, Johann Zoffany, 1782, oil on canvas, Towneley Hall Art Gallery and Museum, Burnley, England, Public domain
Figure 12: Ruins of the Temple at Selinunte with Two Figures Seated on the Remains, Thomas Hearne, 1777, drawing, ink and watercolor over graphite, British Museum, London, Public domain
Figure 13: Drawing Room Chairs in Profile, from A Collection of Designs for Household Furniture and Interior Decoration, in the Most Approved and Elegant Taste, George Smith, 1808, etching and aquatint, hand color; publisher, J. Taylor; printer, S. Gosnell, London Plate 55, Hathi Trust, Digital Library, original from the Getty Research Institute, Public domain
Figure 14: Blick vom Alten Museum auf den Lustgarten, Michael Carl Gregorovius, before 1850, The Altes Museum, Berlin, Public domain
Figure 15: A Portrait of Thomas Hope in Turkish Costume, Sir William Beechey, 1798, oil on canvas, National Portrait Gallery, London, © National Portrait Gallery, London, by permission
Figure 16: The Hon. Mrs. Thomas Hope Full Face in Red Velvet Dress, Henry Bone, 1813, enamel on copper, after Henry Edward Dawe, ca. 1810, Unknown location for Bone; Scottish National Portrait Gallery for Dawe, Public domain
Figure 17: Danzatrice con le Braccia sul Capo, Antonio Canova, 1798-1799, tempura on paper, Museo e Gipsoteca Antonio Canova, Possagno, Italy, Public domain
Figure 18: Goethe at the Window of His Apartment by the Corso, Rome, Johann H. W. Tischbein, 1787, drawing, watercolor, chalk, and ink on paper, Casa di Goethe, Rome, Public domain
Figure 19: Angelica Kauffmann with Bust of Minerva, Self portrait, 1780, oil on canvas, Bündner Kunstmuseum, Chur, Switzerland, Public domain
Figure 20: Portrait of Thorvaldsen Modeling the Bust of Horace Vernet, Horace Vernet, oil on canvas, Thorvaldsen Museum, Copenhagen, Public domain
Figure 21: Sir William Hamilton, Joshua Reynolds, 1778, oil on canvas, National Portrait Gallery, London, Public domain
Figure 22: Lady Hamilton, George Romney, 1791, oil on canvas, Blanton Museum of Art, Austin, Texas, Public domain
Figure 23: Leo von Klenze, August Couder, 1833, oil on canvas, Bayerischen Staatsgemäldesammlungen, Munich, Public domain
Figure 24: Karl Friedrich Schinkel in Naples, Franz Ludwig Catel, 1824, oil on canvas, Alte Nationalgalerie - Staatliche Museen, Berlin, Public domain
Figure 25: Lord Byron in Albanian Dress, Thomas Phillips, 1813, Venizelos Mansion, Athens, Greece (British Embassy), Public domain
Figure 26: John Keats, Joseph Severn, 1821-1823, oil on canvas, National Portrait Gallery, London, Public domain
Figure 27: Posthumous Portrait of Shelley Writing Prometheus Unbound, Joseph Severn, 1845, oil on canvas, Keats-Shelley Memorial House, Rome, Public domain
Figure 28: Nolli Plan of Rome, 1748, Giambattista Nolli, 1748
Figure 29: View of Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Rome, from the Palatine Hill, Joseph Mallord William Turner, 1819, graphite, gouache and watercolor on paper, The Tate, London, Public domain
Figure 30: Detail: Temple Base for the Temple of the Divine Claudius and the Arches of the Neronian Aqueduct, I. Gismondi, 1933-1955, Model of Imperial Rome at the Time of Constantine, plaster, Museo Civiltá Romana, EUR, Rome, Photo: Museo Civilta Romana
Figure 31: Detail: Celian Hill intervention based upon Rowe's History, ROME: The Lost and Unknown City (Roma Ignota e Perduta), Colin Rowe and Steven Peterson, 1978, ink on mylar, sector 8, MAXXI, Rome, Museo Nazionale delle Arti del XXI Secolo
Figure 32: View from the Celian Hill, Rome - Looking West, Photo: Jeff Bondono, by permission, JeffBondono.com
Figure 33: Possibly the Obelisk at the Villa Mattei, Caelian Hill, Rome; Visit to the Sepulcre of the Scipio, Robert W. Pilkington, 1818, watercolor, Private collection, anonymous owner
Figure 34: Portrait of Caroline Murat, Anonymous, oil on canvas, Musée Nationale des Châteaux de Malmaison et Bois-Préau, Malmaison, Public domain
Figure 35: Caroline Murat, Queen of Naples, in the Silver Salon at the Élysée Palace, Louis Hippolyte Lebas, oil on canvas, 1810, watercolor, Private collection, Paris, Public domain
Figure 36: Paolina Borghese, Antonio Canova, 1804-1808, marble, Galleria Borghese, Rome, Photo: Architas, Wikimedia Commons Figure 37: Nolli Plan of Rome, 1748, Giambattista Nolli, 1748
Figure 38: Posthumous Portrait of Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Pietro Labruzzi, 1779, oil on canvas, Museo di Roma, Palazzo Braschi, Rome, Public domain
Figure 39: Romeinse Capriccio met het Septizodium, de Tombe van Porsenna en de Tempel van Vesta, Willem van Nieulandt II, early 17th century, oil on canvas, Instituut Collectie Nederland, Public domain
Figure 40: Imaginary Reconstruction of Pliny's Villa Laurentina: Plan and View, Karl Friedrich Schinkel, 1833-1841, pen and ink on paper, Plan: Architektonisches Album, no. 7, Berlin; View: SMB, Kupferstichkabinett, Berlin, Public domain
Figure 41: The Palatine Hill 'Rediscovered', Peter Carl, Team Member for Sector 8, 1977-1978, ink and gouache on mylar, MAXXI, Rome, Museo Nazionale delle Arti del XXI secolo, Author
Figure 42: Cardinal Pietro Ottoboni, Francesco Trevisani, ca. 1689, oil on canvas, The Bowes Museum, Barnard Castle, County Durham, England, Public domain
Figure 43: Villa Farnese, Giovanni Volpato, ca. 1780, etching with watercolor and gouache, Metropolitan Museum of Art, NYC, Public domain
Figure 44: Colonnade of the Casino of the Villa Albani, Rome, Hubert Robert, 1763-1764, drawing with gouache and watercolor, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, Public domain
Figure 45: Portrait of Johann Joachim Winckelmann, Anton von Maron, 1767, oil on canvas, Schloss Weimar, Stiftung Weimarer Klassik und Kunstsammlungen, Weimar, Public domain
Figure 46: Hubert Robert, Élisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun, 1788, oil on panel, Musée du Louvre, Paris, Public domain
Figure 47: Benjamin West Self-Portrait, Benjamin West, 1776, oil on canvas, after original of 1770, National Gallery of Art, after original version in the Baltimore Museum of Art, Public domain
Figure 48: Bust of Sir John Soane, Francis Legatt Chantrey, 1810, marble, Sir John Soane's House and Museum, London, Sir John Soane's Museum, London, Photo: Derry Moore
Figure 49: Napoleon Bonaparte Receiving Queen Louisa of Prussia at Tilsit, Nicholas Louis François Gosse, 1837, oil on canvas, Château de Versailles, Versailles, Public domain
Figure 50: Giuseppe Valadier, Jean Baptiste Wicar, 1827, oil on canvas, Accademia Nazionale di San Luca, Rome, Public domain
Figure 51: Piazza del Popolo, Rome, Giuseppe Valadier, project, 1816, print/stampa, Calcografia Nazionale, Rome, Public domain
Figure 52: Nolli Plan of Rome, 1748, Giambattista Nolli, 1748
Figure 53: The Circus Maximus in Rome, Viviano Codazzi, Domenico Gargiulo, called Micco Spadaro, 1638, oil on canvas, Museo del Prado, Madrid, Public domain
Figure 54: Il Circo Massimo a Roma, Edouardo Ettore Forti, XIX Century, watercolor print from an engraving, Private Collection, Public domain
Figure 55: Departure of the Israelites, David Roberts, 1829, oil on canvas, Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, Birmingham, England, Public domain
Figure 56: La Fontanazzo or La Peschieria, Palazzo Ducale, Sassuolo, Gaspare Vigarani, scenographic and hydraulic engineer to Louis XIV of France, Palazzo Ducale, Sassuolo, Italy, Visit Sassuolo website, uncredited photograph
Figure 57: Medici Fountain, Original 16th C. fountain by Tommaso Francini, destroyed; new fountain and grotto with fragments of the original by Alphonse de Gisor, 1858-64 with statues by August Ottin, 1866, Jardin du Luxembourg, Paris, Photo: Francis Bourgouin, Wikimedia Commons
Figure 58: Partially Realized Plan for the Villa Madama, Rome, Raphael, Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, 1518, drawing, From Italian Gardens of the Renaissance, 1925, by J. C. Shepherd and G. A. Jellicoe, London, RIBA Collections, Public domain
Figure 59: Plan General de la Villa Située dans le Jardin Pontifical, Paul Marie Letarouilly, 1882 (posthumous), engraving, From Le Vatican et la basilique de Saint-Pierre de Rome, 1882 (posthumous), by Paul Marie Letarouilly, Villa Pia, Planche 1, Public domain
Figure 60: Roma - Pincio, Casina Valadier, Blick auf Valadier Häuslein, Uncredited, Undated historic postcard from ca. 1910 , A. Sorocchi - Milano - Roma No. 4688-7
Figure 61: Nolli Plan of Rome, 1748, Giambattista Nolli, 1748
Figure 62: Veduta di Roma con il Ponte Rotto, Gaspar van Wittel, 1689, oil on canvas, Private collection
Figure 63: Portrait of Alexander I, Emperor of Russia, George Dawe, 1826, oil on canvas, Peterhof Palace, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Public domain
Figure 64: The Remains of the Seafront of Diocletian's Palace at Split, engraving by Paolo Santini, 1764, Plate VII from Robert Adam's Ruins of the the Palace of the Emperor Diocletian at Spalatro in Dalmatia, Public domain
Figure 65: Portrait of Robert Adam, Attributed to George Willison, ca. 1770-1775, oil on canvas, National Portrait Gallery, London, Public domain
Figure 66: The Adelphi and the Thames Riverside, Looking East, engraving by Benedetto Pastorini, 1768-70, Reproduced in the third (posthumous) volume of the Adam Brothers' Works in Architecture, 1822 British Library, Public domain
Figure 67: Gli Orti Farnesiani sul Palatino Ripresi dalla Terrazza del Portico di Ingresso, C. Percier, 1786-90, Bibliothèque de l’Institut de France, RMN-Réunion des Musées Nationaux, Paris, Public domain
Figure 68: The Interior of the Palm House on the Pfaueninsel near Potsdam, Carl Blechen, 1834, Art Institute Chicago, Public domain
Figure 69: Schloss Orianda, Crimea, Heinrich Mutzel, 1846, work on paper, after Karl Friedrich Schinkel, project, 1838, National Galleries Scotland, Public domain
Figure 70: Prince Alexander Borissovich Kourakin, Élisabeth Louise Vigée le Brun, 1797, oil on canvas, Hermitage, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Public domain
Figure 71: Portrait of Princess Galitzin, Élisabeth Louise Vigée le Brun, 1797, oil on canvas, Baltimore Museum of Art, Baltimore, Maryland, Public domain
Figure 72: Portrait of a Woman, Élizabeth Louise Vigée le Brun, 1831, oil on canvas, Hermitage, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Public domain
Figure 73: Portrait of Elizabeth Falconer, Mrs. Stanhope, as 'Contemplation', Joshua Reynolds, 1786, oil on canvas, Private collection, Public domain
Figure 74: Nicholas Boylston, John Singleton Copley, ca. 1769, oil on canvas, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Public domain
Figure 75: Garden of the Palazzo Colonna, Rome, Giovanni Volpato and Louis Rodolphe Ducros, 1780, etching with watercolor and gouache, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Public domain
Figure 76: Luigi Canina: Rome, Villa Borghese, Gates from the Piazzale Flaminio, 1825-28, Luigi Canina, engraving, 1825-28, Italian Architecture 1750 - 1914 by Carroll L V Meeks, page 119, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1966
Figure 77: The Aventine Hill and the Parco Luxe, Judith DiMaio, 1977-78, ink on mylar, MAXXI, Rome, Museo Nazionale delle Arti del XXI Secolo, Author
Figure 78: Historical Plan of Orto Botanico, Padova, Andrea Moroni, ca. 1545, Source not identified, zonageografia.deascuola.it
Figure 79: Portrait of Giuseppe Jappelli, Michele Fanoli, mid-1800s, oil on canvas, Musei Civici, Padova, Italy, Public domain
Figure 80: Isola Segreta, Judith DiMaio, 1978, pen and pencil on trace, MAXXI, Rome, Museo Nazionale delle Arti del XXI Secolo
Figure 81: Giardino Segreto, Palazzo Farnese at Caprarola, Design attributed to Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola after 1559. Executed by Giacomo del Duca, Giovanni A. Garzoni and Girolamo Rainaldi, Caprarola, Italy, photo: uncredited, from Art in Vista Guide Viterbo
Figure 82: Uccelleria, Girolamo Rainaldi (attr.), 1617-1619, Parco Borghese, Rome, Photo: uncredited, from Awesome Aviaries Figure 83: Vue du Temple d'Esculape et du Lac de la Villa Borghese à Rome, Louis François Cassas, 1801, etching with watercolor, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, No copyright, no restrictions
Figure 84: Schloss Klein-Glienicke, Karl Friedrich Schinkel, 1823-1830, Schloss Klein-Glienicke, Wannsee, Germany, Photo: Andreas F. E. Bernhard, Wikimedia
Figure 85: Self Portrait with Her Daughter, Élisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun, 1789, oil on canvas, Musée du Louvre, Paris, Public domain
Figure 86: Madame Récamier, Jacques-Louis David, 1800, oil on canvas, Musée du Louvre, Paris, Public domain
Figure 87: Emma Hart, Later Lady Hamilton, as 'Absence', George Romney, 1785-1786, oil on canvas, Private Collection, Public domain
Figure 88: Self-Portrait, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, 1782, oil on canvas, Hamburger Kunsthalle, Hamburg, Germany, Public domain
Figure 89: Goethe in the Roman Campagna, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, 1787, oil on canvas, Städel Museum, Frankfurt, Germany, Public domain
Figure 90: Triumphal Arch of Pius VI, Giuseppe Valadier, 1800, project, stampa, ink and wash on paper, Biblioteca di Archeologia e Storia dell’Arte (BiASA), Palazzo Venezia, Rome, Public domain
Figure 91: Villa Borghese, Rome, Giovanni Volpato and Louis Rodolphe Ducros, 1780, etching with watercolor and gouache, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Public domain
Figure 92: Colin Rowe Sitting among the Caryatids and Cypresses, Spring 1981, Photograph by Matthew Bell, architect, Spring 1981, Collection of Matthew Bell, by permission
Figure 93: Villa Caprarola from a retouched photograph, Uncredited, Italian Villas and Their Gardens by Edith Wharton, page 129, Originally published: New York: The Century Company, 1904